Konstruksi Hukum Gugatan Sederhana dalam Sistem Peradilan Indonesia: Analisis Perbandingan antara Teori dan Praktik

Abstract

Simple lawsuit mechanisms were introduced to enhance access to justice and expedite case resolution in Indonesia’s civil judicial system. However, disparities between theoretical legal construction and judicial practice have raised concerns regarding its effectiveness and consistency. This study aims to analyze the legal construction of simple lawsuits in Indonesia by comparing normative theory with its practical implementation in courts. Employing a normative juridical method supported by case studies from various district courts, the research identifies structural and procedural inconsistencies, particularly in the interpretation of “simple cases,” limitations on appeals, and the role of judges. The findings show that the current framework does not fully reflect the principle of procedural justice and tends to undermine legal certainty for litigants. To strengthen legal protection and efficiency, the study recommends revising the regulatory design of simple lawsuits and improving judicial capacity through specialized training and clear procedural guidance.