Dekonstruksi Eksistensialisme Pidana Mati dalam Pembaruan Hukum Pidana di Indonesia

Abstract

The death penalty remains upheld in the new Indonesian Criminal Code, albeit conditionally, raising ethical and existential questions about the state's legitimacy in taking a person’s life. This research is essential to reexamine the state's existential right over individual life in the context of justice and public order. The study employs a qualitative approach with critical analysis of existentialist theory and legal deconstruction. The findings indicate that the death penalty closes off opportunities for personal transformation and rehabilitation, reflecting a finalistic and inhumane face of the state. The main conclusion is that the state does not possess an existential right to take human life, and criminal law reform should aim toward the total abolition of the death penalty to affirm a more humane and just legal system.